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Development a topical anti-inflammatory product containing Yaa-Thaa-Phra-Sen remedy extract for osteoarthritis |
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| รหัสดีโอไอ | |
| Title | Development a topical anti-inflammatory product containing Yaa-Thaa-Phra-Sen remedy extract for osteoarthritis |
| Creator | Pattama Sriumpai |
| Contributor | Srisopa Ruangnoo, Advisor |
| Publisher | Thammasat University |
| Publication Year | 2568 |
| Keyword | Thai traditional medicine, Inflammation, Antioxidants, Biological activity, Solvent extraction, Yaathaaphrasen, Topical anti-inflammatory, Microemulsion, Osteoarthritis |
| Abstract | Yaathaaphrasen remedy (YTPS) is one of many formulations described in the Thai traditional scripture “Tum-Raa-Yaa-Phra-O-Sod-Phra-Naa-rai” and has long been used to relieve pain and inflammation associated with osteoarthritis. YTPS consists of 13 herbs, including Allium ascalonicum Linn., Allium sativum Linn., Aloe vera Linn., Alpinia galanga Linn., Baliospermum montanum (Willd.) Muell. Arg., Boesenbergia rotunda Linn., Cymbopogon nardus Linn., Drypetes roxburghii Wall., Ferula assa-foetida Linn., Melia azedarach Linn., Piper nigrum Linn., Senna siamea Lam., and Tamarindus indica Linn. YTPS is commonly used in Lopburi Province, Thailand, for the treatment of osteoarthritis; however, scientific evidence supporting its traditional use remains limited.The objective of this study was investigated the in vitro anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of the YTPS extract and to develop an effective topical microemulsion formulation. YTPS was extracted using various solvents, and all extracts were evaluated for anti-inflammatory activity through nitric oxide (NO) inhibition, as well as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) suppression in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. Antioxidant activity was assessed using DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, and total phenolic content assays, which are based on hydrogen atom transfer and redox mechanisms.The YTPS extract exhibited potent anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting LPS-induced NO production in RAW 264.7 cells, with an IC50 value of 33.88 ± 0.13 µg/mL. Cytotoxicity assessment in HaCaT cells demonstrated cell viability exceeding 70% at all tested concentrations. In addition, the extract showed strong antioxidant activity across all assays, which may contribute to its anti-inflammatory effects. Ellagic acid was identified as a major constituent of YTPS and was employed as a chemical marker for quality control. The ellagic acid content was determined to be 19.09 ± 0.91 mg per gram of extract. Stability testing revealed that acidic and oxidative stress conditions led to a reduction in anti-inflammatory activity compared with the control.The extract demonstrating the highest biological activity was subsequently formulated into a topical microemulsion. Several formulations were developed, optimized, and evaluated using the NO inhibition assay. The selected microemulsion system consisted of Capryol 90® as the oil phase, Labrasol® as the surfactant, Transcutol® as the co-surfactant, and water as the aqueous phase, with a total surfactant concentration below 40% to minimize potential skin irritation. The optimized formulation exhibited favorable physical and chemical stability, with no phase separation observed. The particle size ranged from 60 to 100 nm, which falls within the typical microemulsion range (10–300 nm), and a low polydispersity index (PDI) indicated good homogeneity and stability. Overall, the findings of this study provide scientific support for the traditional use of YTPS and suggest that the YTPS microemulsion represents a promising topical therapeutic option for alleviating pain and inflammatory symptoms in patients with osteoarthritis. |
