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Pyrethroid and Heavy Metal Residues in Different Coffee Bean Preparation Processes and Human Health Risk Assessments via Consumption |
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| รหัสดีโอไอ | |
| Creator | 1. Paphatsara Khunlert 2. Kanjana Imsilp 3. Amnart Poapolathep 4. Saranya Poapolathep 5. Phanwimol Tanhan |
| Title | Pyrethroid and Heavy Metal Residues in Different Coffee Bean Preparation Processes and Human Health Risk Assessments via Consumption |
| Publisher | Thai Society of Higher Education Institutes on Environment |
| Publication Year | 2565 |
| Journal Title | EnvironmentAsia |
| Journal Vol. | 15 |
| Journal No. | 1 |
| Page no. | 94-108 |
| Keyword | Coffee, Health risk, Heavy metals, Pyrethroid, Residues |
| URL Website | https://tshe.org/main/ea-journal-online |
| Website title | EnvironmentAsia Journal |
| ISSN | 1906-1714 |
| Abstract | This study was conducted to determine the concentrations of pyrethroid and metal residues in 50 coffee bean samples of various origins. The samples included green coffee beans, roasted beans, brewed coffee drinks, and coffee sludge. Three processes were used to prepare the samples: drying, semi-washing, and washing. Three synthetic pyrethroid insecticides (flumethrin, cypermethrin, and cyfluthrin) and nine heavy metals (Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn) were subsequently analyzed using the modified quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe (QuEChERS) method for insecticides and acid digestion method for heavy metals. The pyrethroids and heavy metals were quantified using a gas chromatograph equipped with a micro-electron capture detector and a flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer, respectively. According to the results, both pyrethroids and heavy metals, except for Cr, were predominantly found in green coffee beans. The pyrethroid and heavy metal with the highest concentrations were cyfluthrin 2 (0.84 ? 0.25 ?g/g) and Cu (42.56 ? 18.12 ?g/g), respectively. Pyrethroid insecticides were not detected in brewed coffee drinks, and the heavy metals were below the acceptable daily intake level. Risk estimations for daily coffee intake using the health risk indices and target hazard quotients of average and the 97.5th percentile of Thai coffee drinkers were less than 1. This indicated that the coffee drinks in the studied samples did not pose potential health risks. |
