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Identifi cation of Soil Erosion Using the SWAT Model for Prioritizing Conservation Measures of Si Satchanalai Sub-Watershed in Thailand |
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| รหัสดีโอไอ | |
| Creator | 1. Banchongsak Faksomboon 2. Nopparat Chaivino 3. Apichaya Phadpin |
| Title | Identifi cation of Soil Erosion Using the SWAT Model for Prioritizing Conservation Measures of Si Satchanalai Sub-Watershed in Thailand |
| Publisher | Thai Society of Higher Education Institutes on Environment |
| Publication Year | 2566 |
| Journal Title | EnvironmentAsia |
| Journal Vol. | 16 |
| Journal No. | 3 |
| Page no. | 117-132 |
| Keyword | Soil erosion, SWAT model, Best management practices, Watershed |
| URL Website | http://www.tshe.org/ea/index.html |
| Website title | EnvironmentAsia |
| ISSN | 1906-1717 |
| Abstract | One of the major environmental challenges facing the world today is land degradation and soil erosion, which pose a signifi cant threat to the environment. Loss of top fertile soil will decrease the land's ability to produce, posing a threat to the safety of the world's food supply. Soil erosion is one of the pressing environmental problems in Thailand. This study aimed to identify soil erosion for prioritizing conservation measures and evaluate BMPs for reducing soil erosion using the soil and water assessment tool (SWAT) model in Si Satchanalai Sub-Watershed (SS-SW) in the lower watershed of the Yom Watershed, Thailand. The SWAT model was calibrated (2016 2018) and validated (2019 2021) using streamfl ow and sediment data in the SWAT calibration and uncertainty program (SWAT-CUP). The coeffi cient of determination (R2 ), the nash sutcliff e effi ciency (NSE), the percent bias (PBIAS), and the root mean square error-observations standard deviation ratio (RSR) values during fl ow and sediment calibration and validation periods ranged from 0.94 to 0.96, 0.82 to 0.91, -2.8% to 7.2%, and 0.28 to 0.42, respectively. The study indicates that SWAT is able to simulate streamfl ow and sediment with suffi cient accuracy. The calibrated and validated SWAT model was used to evaluate the eff ectiveness of three best management practices (BMPs) against the baseline conditions (Scenario A) for reducing soil erosion, such as fi lter strips scenario (Scenario B), stone/soil bunds scenario (Scenario C), and reforestation scenario (Scenario D). The result indicated that about 69.44% of the watershed was identifi ed as soil erosion, which experienced a sediment yield of 18.77 ton/rai/year. The mean annual sediment yield at the baseline Scenario A approximately was 14.05 ton/rai/year. The implementation of Scenario B, Scenario C, and Scenario D reduced the sediment yield by 8.42%, 38.90%, and 68.72%, respectively. At the SW levels, Scenario B, C, and D reduced the mean annual sediment yield from 1.5% (SW-2) to 12.30 (SW-11), 10.25% (SW-2) to 67.14 (SW-20), 28.64% (SW-1) to 68.89 (SW-21), respectively. Therefore, the study suggests implementations of Scenario C and D for eff ective soil erosion reduction in the study watershed and in other watersheds in Thailand in general which have similar environmental settings. |
